Super Dwarf Crop Seeds
2004-07-20 10:39 pm![[personal profile]](https://www.dreamwidth.org/img/silk/identity/user.png){kind=small}
archershipshttp://www.usu.edu/cpl/outreach_seed_info.htm
'USU-APOGEE' WHEAT
"Apogee": The point in an orbit farthest from the earth.
'USU-Apogee' was developed for high yields in space. Crops for the space station need to be short so they can be grown on shelves. 'USU-Apogee is half the height of normal wheat. It has few tillers (branches) and smaller leaves than wheat on Earth. Tillers and large leaves compete with other plants and reduce the yield of plant communities. Two small leaves are better than one large leaf.
RESEARCH PERTAINING TO 'USU-APOGEE' WHEAT
GENERAL INFO / RECOMMENDED CULTURAL CONDITIONS:
HEIGHT:
40 to 48 cm tall
(shorter at warmer temperatures)
LIFE CYCLE:
25 days to heading;
60 to 65 days to harvest
TEMPERATURE:
23 °C pre-anthesis
17 °C post-anthesis
PPF:
300 to 2000 μmol m-2 s-1
PHOTOPERIOD:
24-h (continuous light)
SPACING:
Plant seeds in rows 5 cm apart;
5 cm between seeds in the row
TOP OF PAGE
'USU-PERIGEE' WHEAT
"Perigee": The point in an orbit closest to the earth.
'USU-Perigee' was developed for high yields in space. Crops for the space station need to be short so they can be grown on shelves. 'USU-Perigee' and 'USU-Apogee' both came from a hybrid cross between 'Super Dwarf' Wheat and 'Parula'.
RESEARCH PERTAINING TO 'USU-PERIGEE' WHEAT
GENERAL INFO / RECOMMENDED CULTURAL CONDITIONS:
HEIGHT:
27 to 32 cm tall
(shorter at warmer temperatures)
LIFE CYCLE:
at 23 °C and continuous light,
30 days to heading;
65 to 70 days to harvest
TEMPERATURE:
23 °C pre-anthesis
17 °C post-anthesis
PPF:
300 to 2000 μmol m-2 s-1
PHOTOPERIOD:
24-h (continuous light)
TOP OF PAGE
‘SUPER DWARF’ RICE (Oryza sativa japonica-type)
‘Super Dwarf’ rice lacks the enzyme 3ß- hydrozylase that catalyzes the conversion of GA20 (inactive) to GA1 (active). Because ‘Super Dwarf’ rice lacks GA1, germination is poor; however, 90% germination can be achieved by germinating the seed under water, without aeration, at 33°C.
RESEARCH PERTAINING TO 'SUPER DWARF' RICE
GENERAL INFO / RECOMMENDED CULTURAL CONDITIONS:
ORIGIN:
mutant selection from Oryza sativa cv. Shiokari
HEIGHT:
20 cm tall
LIFE CYCLE:
45 days to heading;
80 days to harvest
PPF:
600 to 2000 µmol m-2 s-1
TEMPERATURE:
32/26 °C d/n pre-anthesis
28/22 °C post-anthesis
PHOTOPERIOD:
12-h
PLANTING
DENSITY:
500 to 1000 plants m-2
TOP OF PAGE
'MICRO-TINA' TOMATO
'Micro-Tina' was developed at the University of Florida - Bradenton, and extensively tested at Utah State University. Micro-Tina's short height, high yield, and good flavor make it excellent for fresh food in the space station.
RESEARCH PERTAINING TO 'MICRO-TINA' TOMATO
GENERAL INFO / RECOMMENDED CULTURAL CONDITIONS:
HEIGHT:
20 to 25 cm
LIFE CYCLE:
flowering: ~ 25 days;
first red fruit: ~ 45 days after flowering
TEMPERATURE:
25 to 28 °C day;
20 to 23 °C night
PPF:
200 to 1500 μmol m-2 s-1
PHOTOPERIOD:
16-h
TOP OF PAGE
'TRITON' PEPPER
We have identified an excellent super-dwarf pepper cultivar for controlled environment research. 'Triton' is 20-cm tall, flowers in 25 days, and produces large (5-8 cm long) fruit. We are now characterizing the unique growth and development responses of 'Triton'.
RESEARCH PERTAINING TO 'TRITON' PEPPER
GENERAL INFO / RECOMMENDED CULTURAL CONDITIONS:
HEIGHT:
25 cm tall
LIFE CYCLE:
flowering: ~25 days (longer in low light)
TEMPERATURE:
30 °C
PPF:
100 to 1500 μmol m-2 s-1
PHOTOPERIOD:
20-h
TOP OF PAGE
'HOYT' SOYBEAN
Hoyt is a determinate, early maturing soybean cultivar that was developed for high yields in optimum environments. Hoyt’s small size makes it ideal for use in the International Space Station.
GENERAL INFO / RECOMMENDED CULTURAL CONDITIONS:
HEIGHT:
20 to 30 cm tall (shorter at cooler temperatures)
LIFE CYCLE:
flowering: 24 days;
80 days to harvest (indicated by loss of green color in seed pods)
TEMPERATURE:
27 °C before flowering;
decreasing to 22 °C after flowering
PPF:
300 to 800 μmol m-2 s-1
PHOTOPERIOD:
12-h; 'Hoyt' is a short-day plant that must have 12-h of complete darkness every night
'USU-APOGEE' WHEAT
"Apogee": The point in an orbit farthest from the earth.
'USU-Apogee' was developed for high yields in space. Crops for the space station need to be short so they can be grown on shelves. 'USU-Apogee is half the height of normal wheat. It has few tillers (branches) and smaller leaves than wheat on Earth. Tillers and large leaves compete with other plants and reduce the yield of plant communities. Two small leaves are better than one large leaf.
RESEARCH PERTAINING TO 'USU-APOGEE' WHEAT
GENERAL INFO / RECOMMENDED CULTURAL CONDITIONS:
HEIGHT:
40 to 48 cm tall
(shorter at warmer temperatures)
LIFE CYCLE:
25 days to heading;
60 to 65 days to harvest
TEMPERATURE:
23 °C pre-anthesis
17 °C post-anthesis
PPF:
300 to 2000 μmol m-2 s-1
PHOTOPERIOD:
24-h (continuous light)
SPACING:
Plant seeds in rows 5 cm apart;
5 cm between seeds in the row
TOP OF PAGE
'USU-PERIGEE' WHEAT
"Perigee": The point in an orbit closest to the earth.
'USU-Perigee' was developed for high yields in space. Crops for the space station need to be short so they can be grown on shelves. 'USU-Perigee' and 'USU-Apogee' both came from a hybrid cross between 'Super Dwarf' Wheat and 'Parula'.
RESEARCH PERTAINING TO 'USU-PERIGEE' WHEAT
GENERAL INFO / RECOMMENDED CULTURAL CONDITIONS:
HEIGHT:
27 to 32 cm tall
(shorter at warmer temperatures)
LIFE CYCLE:
at 23 °C and continuous light,
30 days to heading;
65 to 70 days to harvest
TEMPERATURE:
23 °C pre-anthesis
17 °C post-anthesis
PPF:
300 to 2000 μmol m-2 s-1
PHOTOPERIOD:
24-h (continuous light)
TOP OF PAGE
‘SUPER DWARF’ RICE (Oryza sativa japonica-type)
‘Super Dwarf’ rice lacks the enzyme 3ß- hydrozylase that catalyzes the conversion of GA20 (inactive) to GA1 (active). Because ‘Super Dwarf’ rice lacks GA1, germination is poor; however, 90% germination can be achieved by germinating the seed under water, without aeration, at 33°C.
RESEARCH PERTAINING TO 'SUPER DWARF' RICE
GENERAL INFO / RECOMMENDED CULTURAL CONDITIONS:
ORIGIN:
mutant selection from Oryza sativa cv. Shiokari
HEIGHT:
20 cm tall
LIFE CYCLE:
45 days to heading;
80 days to harvest
PPF:
600 to 2000 µmol m-2 s-1
TEMPERATURE:
32/26 °C d/n pre-anthesis
28/22 °C post-anthesis
PHOTOPERIOD:
12-h
PLANTING
DENSITY:
500 to 1000 plants m-2
TOP OF PAGE
'MICRO-TINA' TOMATO
'Micro-Tina' was developed at the University of Florida - Bradenton, and extensively tested at Utah State University. Micro-Tina's short height, high yield, and good flavor make it excellent for fresh food in the space station.
RESEARCH PERTAINING TO 'MICRO-TINA' TOMATO
GENERAL INFO / RECOMMENDED CULTURAL CONDITIONS:
HEIGHT:
20 to 25 cm
LIFE CYCLE:
flowering: ~ 25 days;
first red fruit: ~ 45 days after flowering
TEMPERATURE:
25 to 28 °C day;
20 to 23 °C night
PPF:
200 to 1500 μmol m-2 s-1
PHOTOPERIOD:
16-h
TOP OF PAGE
'TRITON' PEPPER
We have identified an excellent super-dwarf pepper cultivar for controlled environment research. 'Triton' is 20-cm tall, flowers in 25 days, and produces large (5-8 cm long) fruit. We are now characterizing the unique growth and development responses of 'Triton'.
RESEARCH PERTAINING TO 'TRITON' PEPPER
GENERAL INFO / RECOMMENDED CULTURAL CONDITIONS:
HEIGHT:
25 cm tall
LIFE CYCLE:
flowering: ~25 days (longer in low light)
TEMPERATURE:
30 °C
PPF:
100 to 1500 μmol m-2 s-1
PHOTOPERIOD:
20-h
TOP OF PAGE
'HOYT' SOYBEAN
Hoyt is a determinate, early maturing soybean cultivar that was developed for high yields in optimum environments. Hoyt’s small size makes it ideal for use in the International Space Station.
GENERAL INFO / RECOMMENDED CULTURAL CONDITIONS:
HEIGHT:
20 to 30 cm tall (shorter at cooler temperatures)
LIFE CYCLE:
flowering: 24 days;
80 days to harvest (indicated by loss of green color in seed pods)
TEMPERATURE:
27 °C before flowering;
decreasing to 22 °C after flowering
PPF:
300 to 800 μmol m-2 s-1
PHOTOPERIOD:
12-h; 'Hoyt' is a short-day plant that must have 12-h of complete darkness every night